• Preamble

  HE KORERO TAHUHU

  • A. E mau eke nei te Rarangi Tapiri Tuatahi mo tenei ture, e whakaupoko ana i roto i te reo Maori me te reo Pakeha i nga tikanga o Te Tiriti o Waitangi.

  • B. Ko Ngati Turangitukua he hapu no te iwi o Ngati Tuwharetoa, a, i heke mai i to ratou tipuna i a Turangitukua. Ko ratou te tangata whenua o te wahi e tu nei te Taone o Turangi, a, no ratou hoki te mana whenua mai ra ano a mohoa nei.

  • Whakatakotohia ana e te Karauna tana Kaupapa Whanake Hiko i Tongariro

  • C. I te tekau tau i muri mai i te tau 1950, hei whakaea noa i te hiahia o muri mai i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao kia wawe tonu te whakawhanuitia o nga rawa pungao kia taea ai te whakatutuki te whakaahumahitanga o Aotearoa e horapa haere ana i taua wa ra, ka whakatakotohia e te Karauna tana kaupapa Whanake Hiko i Tongariro (WHT). E tutuki pai ai te WHT me nui tonu nga kaimahi me te wahi whakanoho i aua kaimahi a tutuki noa te kaupapa.

  • D. E wha nga wahi i whakaarotia ake hei tunga mo te taone e noho ai nga kaimahi, ara, ko Rotoaira, ko Rangipo, ko Turangai-ki-te-uru me Turangi-ki-te- rawhiti. I whakaarotia ake ano kia whakaturia he taone taupua ki Rotoaira me Rangipo. Heoi ano ko ta te Karauna i pai ke ai ko te whakatu taone pumau kia puta ano ai he hua i tana i whakapau ai kia tu ai taua taone. Ko nga wahi i whakaarotia ake hei tunga mo te taone pumau ko Turangi-ki-te-uru, e tu tata ra ki te taone o Turangi o enei ra nei, a, no Ngati Turangitukua nei taua whenua, tae atu hoki ki te whenua o te Karauna i Turangi-ki-te-rawhiti.

  • E. Ko te hua e ahu mai ana i te Moana o Taupo i te hunga haere mai ki te torotoro, ki te matakitaki hoki i te mohiotia tae atu ki nga hua a-putea ka puta ina whakaturia he taone pumau mena ra ki te kitea he whenua kaore i te herea e te rihi. I whakaarotia ake anonga ara e mama ai te tae atu o te tangata ki taua taone, te ahua o nga rangi, me te rawaka ano o te whenua kia taea ai tetahi taone te whakatu, me te whakanui atu a tona wa. Ko ta te Karauna i pai ai ko te whenua i Turangi-ki-te-uru. I te marama o Hui-tanguru i te tau 1964 ka timata te Karauna i tana mahi, ara, te riro atu o nga whenua ahua nui tonu o Ngati Turangitukua kaore nei i te herea e te rihi (i a ia). Kaore i whakaarotia ake e te Karauna nga ahuatanga kikino ka pa ki a Ngati Turangitukua i te rironga kau noa o o ratou whenua.

  • Ka hui te Karauna ki a Ngati Turangitukua

  • F. I mua atu i tenei i hui te Karauna ki etahi o nga mema o Te Poari Kaitiaki Maori o Tuwharetoa me etahi o te iwi o Ngati Turangitukua ki te whakamarama i te ahua o te WHT ki a ratou me te riro ano pea i a ratou o etahi o nga whenua o Ngati Turangitukua i Turangi-ki-te-uru. I te marama o Mahuru i te tau 1964 ko te hui tuatahi a te Karauna ki te katoa o Ngati Turangitukua ki te whiriwhiri i te whanui o te kaupapa e pa ana ki te WHT me te nui o te whenua e hiahiatia ana hei whakatu i te taone. I taua hui ra i whakaae a Ngati Turangitukua, hei tona wa ano nei ata whakamanatia ai, kia whakaturia te taone ki runga i nga whenua o Ngati Turangitukua. Heoi ano i a Ngati Turangitukua e whakaae atu ra i te whakapono ratou ki nga kupu taurangi atu a te Karauna mo te ahua o te riro atu o te whenua hei tunga mo te taone.

  • Ka timata nga mahi

  • G. I muri tonu mai o taua hui o Mahuru ra ka timata nga mahi e pa ana ki te WHT tae atu hoki ki te whakatunga o te taone. Ina ke noa atu te nui o te kaimahi i tau mai. Riro ana ma tenei ahua e whakaporearea te noho maori a Ngati Turangitukua, a, takahia ana te mana o nga kaumatua o Ngati Turangitukua e te Manatu Mahi. Haere ana nga mahi a te Karauna, ara, te tango whenua, te whakatu hoki i te taone; aro koretia ake ana nga panga mai o enei mahi ki a Ngati Turangitukua me nga kupu taurangi i puta i a ia, i te Karauna. Nui ke noa ake te whenua i riro i tera i whakaritea i te timatanga, a, i tohe te Karauna kia kaua aua whenua katoa e herea e te rihi ahakoa ana korero o mua atu ko te wahanga ahumahi o te taone ka noho tonu hei whenua rihi. Ukuukutia ana nga wahi tapu e te Karauna, a, korekore ana i paku taea te aha e Ngati Turangitukua, nga kaitiaki o aua wahi ra.

  • Hoko ana te Karauna i nga rawa

  • H. No te tutukitanga o te kaupapa i nga tau whakapaunga o te tekau tau atu i 1970 ka timata te Manatu Mahi me etahi atu tari Kawanatanga ki te hokohoko i nga rawa o roto mai i te taone o Turangi. Tae rawa mai ki tenei whakatatutanga i te take nei kaore a Ngati Turangitukua me ona whanau i whai wahi atu ki te rironga mai ano o o ratou whenua tipuna.

  • Te tono i raro i te Ture Tiriti o Waitangi, 1975

  • I. Ko te tono a Ngati Turangitukua, i rehitatia nei ki te Taraipiunaro o Waitangi i te tau 1989 i raro i te tau Wai 84, kia takoto he utu mo nga mahi kino i noho nei ko ratou te papa. Wawe tonu ana te whakahaeretia o te take i waenganui i nga marama o Paenga-whawha me Whiringa-a-nuku o te tau 1984, a, i puta te Purongo a te Taraipiunara i te marama o Mahuru o te tau 1995.

  • Nga whakataunga a te Taraipiunara o Waitangi

  • J. I whakatau te Taraipiunara he nui tonu nga takatakahitanga a te Karauna i nga matapono o te Tiriti o Waitangi—

    • (i) I riro i te Karauna tetahi whenua Maori i Turangi-ki-te-uru i te wa he whenua tonu to te Karauna i Turangi-ki-te-rawhiti:

    • (ii) Kaore i rawaka nga huihuinga a te Karauna ki a Ngati Turangitukua mo te ahua ki te whakatunga o te taone:

    • (iii) Ko te whenua i riro hei tunga mo te taone i neke atu te nui i tera i oatitia e te Karauna ka riro i a ia:

    • (iv) Ko te whenua i whakaae te Karauna ka rihitia monga ahuatanga ahumahi, a, ka whakahokia mai ki te iwi i te ekenga o te 10-12 tau i ata tangohia kehia atu, kore rawa nei i whakahokia mai:

    • (v) Ukuukutia ana, tukinotia ana nga wahi tapu i te wa i whakaturia ai te taone:

    • (vi) Kaore i rawaka te utu mo nga whenua i riro:

    • (vii) Kore rawa atu te Karauna i aro ake ki te taha tiaki i te taiao:

    • (viii) Kaore i kauanuanutia e te Karauna te mana tangata whenua o Ngati Turangitukua:

    • (ix) Ko nga whakarite o roto i te Ture Mahi Tumatanui 1928 me te Ture Taone o Turangi 1964, i waiho nei e te Karauna hei tautoko i ta ratou urutomo, tango kau noa i te whenua o Ngati Turangitukua kei te noho taupatupatu ki te Ture II o te Tiriti e ki ra e ahei ana te Maori ki te pupuri i ona whenua a eke noa ki te wa e hiahia ai ia ki te hoko.

  • K. Ko te whakatau a te Taraipiunara na nga mahi takatakahi a te Karauna i nga matapono o te Tiriti he nui tonu nga whenua tipuna o Ngati Turangitukua i ngaro atu. Noho ana ko te tuapapa ohaoha, iwi ano hoki hei papa mo tenei mahi, a, me te aha ano mate ana ko te taha wairua, taha tikanga, taha ohaoha o Ngati Turangitukua.

  • Te whakahaerenga o te take kimi rongoa

  • L. No muri i te putanga o te purongo a te Taraipiunara ka noho te Karauna raua ko Ngati Turangitukua ki te whiriwhiri, ki te kimi rongoa ano hoki mo nga mate i pa ki a Ngati Turangitukua.

  • M. Ko nga whiriwhiritanga i waenganui i te Karauna me Ngati Turangitukua i mutu noa iho ki te takiwa i te marama o Pipiri i te tau 1996. I te marama o Hongongoi i te tau 1996, i whakaaetia a Ngati Turangitukua kia whakahaeretia tana take kimi rongoa ki mua i te aroaro o te Taraipiunara o Waitangi kia ata whakatauhia ai me tino aha nga ahuatanga whakatatu mo roto o Wai 84, tae atu ki te whakahokinga mai o nga whenua me nga whakapainga i aua whenua i runga ano i ta te Tekiona 27B te Ture Hinonga Kawanatanga i ki ai. Ko te whakahaeretanga o tenei take i tu ki te marae o Hirangi i te marama o Hongongoi o te tau 1997.

  • Nga whiriwhiritanga i waenganui i a Ngati Turangitukua me te Karauna

  • N. No muri mai i te putanga o te purongo a te Taraipiunara o Waitangi e kiia nei ko Te Purongo Kimi Rongoa e Pa Ana ki te Taone o Turangi i te marama o Hongongoi o te tau 1998, ka noho ano te Karauna raua ko Ngati Turangitukua ki te kimi, ki te whakaae i tetahi whakatatutanga whakamutunga o nga tono a Ngati Turangitukua, a, ki te whakakore ano hoki i te mamae e pa tonu ana ki a Ngati Turangitukua.

  • Te whakatatutanga o nga tono

  • O. Ko te Karauna, i runga ano i tana whakaae he nui nga mate i pa ki a Ngati Turangitukua, a, takea mai ana i reira te ngoi kore haere o te taha ohaoha, taha iwi, taha tikanga o Ngati Turangitukua, i whakaotia tetahi Puka Whakatatu, i te 26 o nga ra o Mahuru 1998, a, ki reira takoto mai ai nga ahuatanga katoa e taea ai nga tono katoa a Ngati Turangitukua te whakatatu, te whakaae mo ake tonu atu, a, e penei ana ano hoki te hiahia o Ngati Turangitukua.

  BACKGROUND IN ENGLISH

  • A. The Treaty of Waitangi is set out, in Maori and English, in Schedule 1.

  • B. Ngati Turangitukua, a hapu of the tribe Ngati Tuwharetoa, are descended from their tupuna, Turangitukua. They are the tangata whenua of the area now comprised in the Turangi Township, and have had the manawhenua of that land since time immemorial.

  • The Crown Develops the TPD Proposal

  • C. In the 1950s, in response to post World War II needs for rapid expansion of energy resources to meet the growing industrialisation in New Zealand, the Crown developed the Tongariro Power Development (TPD) proposal. At that time, it was the largest hydro development to be undertaken in New Zealand. The TPD would require a large construction force, and accommodation for that force, for the duration of the project.

  • D. Four sites were considered for the township to accommodate the project workers: Rotoaira, Rangipo, Turangi West, and Turangi East. Temporary townships were considered at the sites of Rotoaira and Rangipo. However, the Crown favoured the provision of a permanent township which would ensure a return on its investment. Sites for a permanent township were considered at Turangi West, adjacent to the existing Turangi village and owned by Ngati Turangitukua, as well as Crown-owned land at Turangi East.

  • E. The tourist potential of Lake Taupo was appreciated, as well as the economic benefits that could be captured by creating a permanent township, if a suitable freehold site were available. Having regard to accessibility, climate, and adequacy of suitable land for development of a township, the Crown preferred the Turangi West site. In February 1964, the Crown began the process which was to see the acquisition of the freehold interest in a significant portion of Ngati Turangitukua's ancestral land. It did not take into account the negative effects for Ngati Turangitukua of compulsorily acquiring its land.

  • The Crown Meets Ngati Turangitukua

  • F. At an earlier stage, the Crown had met with members of the Tuwharetoa Maori Trust Board and some members of Ngati Turangitukua to advise them of the nature of the TPD project and to discuss the possibility of acquiring land owned by Ngati Turangitukua at the Turangi West site. In September 1964, the Crown met with Ngati Turangitukua as a whole for the first time to discuss the scope of the TPD including the land required for the township. Ngati Turangitukua there agreed in principle that the township be constructed on Ngati Turangitukua land. However, in so agreeing, Ngati Turangitukua relied on various assurances and undertakings given to it by the Crown as to the acquisition of land for the township.

  • Construction Begins

  • G. The construction of the TPD and the township began almost immediately after the September meeting. There was a large influx of construction workers. This disrupted the traditional lifestyles of Ngati Turangitukua people, and the Ministry of Works undermined the authority of Ngati Turangitukua kaumatua. The Crown had proceeded to acquire land and develop the township without proper regard for the interests of Ngati Turangitukua or for the assurances and undertakings given to it by the Crown. Considerably more land was acquired than had originally been outlined, and the Crown insisted on acquiring the freehold of all the land, notwithstanding earlier statements that the industrial area of the town would be leased. Wahi tapu were destroyed by the Crown, and the people of Ngati Turangitukua, their kaitiaki, were powerless to protect them.

  • The Crown Sells Assets

  • H. Following the completion of the project in the late 1970s, the Ministry of Works and other government departments began a process of selling assets within the Turangi township. Until the present settlement, Ngati Turangitukua and its constituent whanau were effectively denied the opportunity to regain ownership of their ancestral lands.

  • Claim Under the Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975

  • I. The Ngati Turangitukua claim, registered with the Waitangi Tribunal as Wai 84 in 1989, sought compensation for these grievances. The claim was heard under urgency between April and October 1994, and the Tribunal's Report was released in September 1995.

  • Findings of the Waitangi Tribunal

  • J. The Tribunal found that the Crown had breached the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi in a number of ways—

    • (i) The Crown acquired Maori land at Turangi West when Crown land at Turangi East was available:

    • (ii) The Crown did not adequately consult with Ngati Turangitukua regarding the construction of the township:

    • (iii) The land taken for the township was in excess of the maximum area that the Crown promised it would take:

    • (iv) The land the Crown undertook to lease for industrial purposes and return to the people after 10 to 12 years was compulsorily acquired and not returned:

    • (v) Wahi tapu were destroyed or damaged in the construction of the township:

    • (vi) Adequate compensation was not paid for land acquired:

    • (vii) The Crown did not give full effect to conservation values:

    • (viii) The Crown did not pay Ngati Turangitukua the respect due its mana as tangata whenua:

    • (ix) The provisions of the Public Works Act 1928 and the Turangi Township Act 1964, relied on by the Crown in entering and taking the claimants' land, are inconsistent with the basic guarantee in Article II of the Treaty that Maori may keep their land until such time as they wish to sell it.

  • K. The Tribunal found that, as a result of the Crown's breaches of the principles of the Treaty, Ngati Turangitukua lost much of its ancestral land. Its social and economic base was seriously eroded causing spiritual, cultural, and economic prejudice to Ngati Turangitukua.

  • The Remedies Hearing

  • L. Following the release of the Tribunal report, the Crown and Ngati Turangitukua entered into negotiations to seek resolution of Ngati Turangitukua's grievances.

  • M. Negotiations between the Crown and Ngati Turangitukua broke down in June 1996. In July 1996, Ngati Turangitukua was granted a remedies hearing before the Waitangi Tribunal to identify with more specificity the contents of any settlement package for Wai 84, including the resumption of properties subject to section 27B of the State-Owned Enterprises Act 1986. That hearing was held at Hirangi Marae in July 1997.

  • Negotiations Between Ngati Turangitukua and the Crown

  • N. Following the release of the Waitangi Tribunal's Turangi Township Remedies Report in July 1998, the Crown and Ngati Turangitukua again negotiated to achieve a full and final settlement of Ngati Turangitukua's Treaty claims and to remove the continuing sense of grievance.

  • Settlement of Claims

  • O. The Crown, having acknowledged that Ngati Turangitukua suffered injustices which impaired Ngati Turangitukua's economic, social, and cultural development, entered into a deed of settlement on 26 September 1998 recording the matters required to give effect to a full and final settlement of Ngati Turangitukua's Treaty claims relating to the development and construction of the Turangi Township and its after effects, and Ngati Turangitukua also entered into that deed of settlement.

BE IT THEREFORE ENACTED by the Parliament of New Zealand as follows: